Abd Manaf, 17
Abdu'llah, father of Muhammad 25, 27
Abdu'l Dar, 16
Abdullah, son of Said,90; victory over Gregory, 91
Abdu'1 Muttalib, name given to Shebau'l Hamd, son of Hashim arrives at Mecca, 21; entertains the pilgrims, 22 discovery 0 the "Zamzam" 22, 23; vows to sacrifice a son, 24; invasion of Mecca, 25-27; takes charge of Muhammad, 29; death of, 30
Abdu'r Rahman, assassinates Ali 107
Abraham, descent of, 2; sacrifice of Ishmael interrupted, 9; erects Kaba at Mecca, 10; the friend of God, 162, 163; at the resurrection, 173; revelation to, 195
Abu Abdu'llah Muhammad Ibn Ismail, 268
Abu Bakr, conversion of, 35; father of Ayisha, 42; escape from Mecca, 45, 46; successor of Muhammad, 69, 70; plans war in Syria, 72; death of, 79; ancestor of the 6th Imam, 133; transcript of the Quran, 154; rejected by the Shias, 293, 296
Abu Daud Sajistani, 270
Abu Hanifa, founder of first sect of the Sunnis, 271-277
Abu Isa Muhammad Tirmizi, 270 Abu'l Kasim Muhammad al Mahdi, 12th Imam, 137.138, 169
Abu Obaida, Saracen commander, 70, 73, 78, 81, 83
Aub Sufiyan, leader of the Quraishi 51, 55,62,63
Abyssinia, 19, 60
Abyssinians attack Mecca, 25
Adi, poet, 4, 5
Adnan, progenitor of Muhammad, 10
Africa, Saracens in, 91
Aleppo, taken by Saracens, 84, 85 Alexandria, captured by Amru, 87; destruction of the Royal Library, 87; recaptured by Greeks, 92; destruction by Amru, 92
Al Hurr, a chieftain, 115, 116, 118, 119
Ali, conversion of, 35; leaves Mecca for Madina, 46; sends help to Othman, 94; elected Khalif, 97; renioves governors norninated by Othman, 97; rebellion of Syrians 98; receives support of Madina, 99; of Kufa, 102; defeats Ayisha, 102; leads an army into Syria, 104; attempted arbitration, 105; strategic victory, 106; assassination of, 107; titles, 108; burial, 108; venerated by the Shias, 292-296; accepted by the Persians, 303 sepulchre of, at Najaf, Persian devotees, 242, 311
Ali Asghar, 4th Imam, surnamed Zainu'l Abidin, life is spared him, 124; sent to Damascus, 125; to Madina, 126; Madina favours him, 127; invokes the "Black Stone," 131; death of 131; titles bestowed on, 132
Ali Bin Muhammad Taqi, 10th Imam, 136, 138
"al Khurunfish," cotton manufactory, 209
Alla Taala, god of the Arabs, 148
Al Mukhtar avenges the death of Husain, 129, 130; death of, 130
Al Muttalib, 21, 22
Alms, 191-194
Ali Riza, 8th Imam, 135
Amalekites, 3, 8
Amina, mother of Muhammad, 27,29
Amr, 116, 118-122, 129
Amru, 72; in Egypt, 86; captures Alexandria, 87; describes Egypt, destruction of Alexandria, 88; temporarily disgraced, 92; alliance with Muawiya, 104; assists the Syrians, 105; failure of plot against, 107
Angels, 158-162
Antichrist, 167-168
Antioch, 85
Aqaba, first pledge of, 43; second pledge of, 44
Aqraba, battle of, 72
Arabs and Arabia, 1, 2, 3; quotation from Sir W. Muir, 3; refusal to pay alms, 71; idolatry, 146, 147; ancient temples, 148; quotation from Osborn, 305
Arafat, Mount, 18, 210, 218, 222
Arrows, divination by, 255
Ash Shafii, 156; founder of third sect of Sunnis, 280-282
"As Sai," performance of, by pilgrims, 218, 221, 222
Ayisha, wife of Muhammad, 42, 48, 57, 67; leads revolt, 97; defeated by Ali, 103; prevents burial of Hasan at Madina, 113; suggestion concerning the "Kiswa," 207; later influence, 267
BABYLON, ruins of, 311
Badr, 51; battle of, 52
Baghdad, establishment of the Separatists," 106; Musau'l Kazim imprisoned at, 134; Muhammad Taqi buried at, 136; disputation on the Quran, 156; departure of Persian caravan, 242; the capital of Islam, 273; Ibn Hambal at, 282; threatened by the Persians, 303; mausoleum and cavern, 312
Bani Khoza (the remnant), 11, 13
Baraka, nurse to Muhammad, 29
Barbary, Saracens on the plains, 91; pilgrims to Mecca, 243; Malik doctrine predominant, 280
"Barru'l-Arab," or "The Land of the Arabs," 1
Birdwood, Sir George, quotations from, 302, 305
Bismilla, or chapter heading, 140 "Black Stone," the, dispute among the "Quraish" concerning, 32; favours Ali Asghar, 131; description, 203-205; split into pieces, 215, 216; healing properties, 217; homage to, by pilgrims, 220
Bedouins, 2, 46
Bombay, protector of pilgrims appointed, 247; pilgrim brokers, 248; Shaflism in, 282; Idrisites in, 300
"Buraq," 144, 145
Burckhardt, quotations from, 200, 201, 202, 203; the Kaba, 206; the Mosque at Madina, 232; religion of women, 233; the Mahmil, 239; pilgrimage by Persians, 242
Burton, Captain, quotations from,195,201,202,206; Divine favor shewn to the "Kaba," 217; Mount Arafat, 222
Bussora, Governor humiliated, 99; battle of, 102; Quran published at, 155
Buza," intoxicating drink, 243
CAESAREA, surrenders to Saracens, 85
Cairo, monument to Husain, 123; procession of the "Mahmij," 242; Shafiism in, 282
Calous, Roman leader, 74
Caravans, Quraish caravans attacked, 49-51; Syrian, 234 noted caravans, 235; Egyptian 237; Persian, 242; Maghrabi 243; minor caravans, 243
Catherine, Empress, edition of the Quran, 155
Chess, 254, 281
Children, 166; in Paradise, 183 Christians, at Damascus, 74; killed by the Saracens, 75; repulsed at Damascus, 78; defeated under Mahan, 82; early Christians in Arabia, 146; Muhammadan belief as to destiny of 177
Circumcision, 189
Civil and Criminal Laws, 256-266
Coffee, use of, 252
Constantine, son of Heraclius, 85
Constantinople, embassy of Adi to,4; Jabala VI. retires to, 8; capture of, a sign of the resurrection, 167, 168; departure of the Syrian caravan, 234; of the "Mahmil," 240; execution of Wahhabi ruler, 286
Cook, Messrs. T. & Son, undertake control of pilgrim conveyance, 248
Coptic Christians, 86
Cyprus, subjugation by the Saracens, 92
DAIR Abi'l Qudus, or "Monastery of the Holy Father," 80
"Dalils," or guides, 208
Damascus, besieged by Saracens, 74-78; head of Husain sent to, 123; Husain's family at, 125; descent of Jesus to, a sign of the resurrection, 168; Syrian caravan at, 234
Darius, King, 291
"Daru'n-nadwa," or Town Hall at Mecca, 14
Daughters, buried alive, 256
Day of Judgment, 170-175
Divorce, 257
"Doves of the Kaba," 213
EDITIONS of the Quran, 155
Edomites, 2
Egypt, Muhammad's embassy, 60; Saracens in, 86-88; destruction of Alexandria, 92; pyramids of, '47; Ash Shafii in,280,282; conquered by Aliides, 300
Egyptian caravan, 236
Enoch, the prophet, 147, 160, 162
Ethiopians, 169
Euphrates, river, 2, 4, 80, 169
"Evangelists of Islam," 267
FARMA, capture of, 86
Fasting, 194-197
Fatima, daughter of Muhammad, 32, 96, 292, 293
Fatima, daughter of Ali, 126
Fatima, daughter of Imam Riza, tomb of, 312
Fatimites, 300
"Feast of Sacrifices," 208, 224
Fihr, surnamed "Quraish," 10
Fireworshippers," 290
Firuz, assassinator of Omar, 89
Fountains, celestial, 180
GABRIEL, the angel, 48, 144, 295; reveals Quran, 153; belief concerning, 159; at the Day of Judgment, 175; appears to Ibn Hambal, 284; in miracle play, 322
Gaming, 253, 281
Ghair-i-Mahdi, 299
Gharqad, a tree, 168
Ghassan, Kingdom of, 4, 7; Prince of, 19, 60, 62
Gholaites, 300
Ghubshan, 13
"Ghusl," purification before prayer, 188
Girls, of Paradise, 180
Government of India, resolution concerning pilgrim traffic, 246-250
Grand Sharif of Mecca, 208, 213, 244
Grand Vizier" of Persia, 314
Gregory, Roman prefect, opposes Saracens 91; death of, 91
Gumbad-i-Faizi'l Anwar, monument to Ali, 108
"Gumbuz," or mausoleum, 135
HAFSA, daughter of Omar, married to Muhammad, 53; custodian of transcript of the Quran, 154
Hagar, cast forth by Abraham, 8
Haidarabad, Shafiism at, 282
"Haji," 218
Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca, 197, 200, 201, 217, 218
Hajjul Akbar, or greater pilgrimage, 218
Halima, nurse to Muhammad, 29
Hambal, see Ibn Hambal
Hamburgh, edition of Quran published at, 155
Hanifites, sect of the Sunnis, 271; rivalry with the Shaflites, 282
Harut and Marut, 160
Hasan, son of Ali and 2nd Imam, 99, 101, 103, 298; accession of, 109; opposes Muawiya, 110; resigns Khalifat, 110; retires to Madina, 111; murdered by his wife, 112; burial of, 113; alms-giving of, 193; tomb of, 242
Hasanu'l Askari, 11th Imam, 137
Hashim, son of Abd Manaf, 17; entertains the pilgrims, 18, 19; rivalry of Omaiya, 20; marriage of, 20; death of, 21
"Haswatu'l Haram," "the women's sanded place," 198
Hell, belief concerning, 177
Heraclius, Roman Emperor, 59, 74, 75; sends army into Syria, 81; deserts his forces in Syria, 85
Hijaz, 2, 73, 169, 208, 243; religious authority in, 244
Hijra," or flight, 46
Hinckleman, edition of the Quran by, 155
Hind, Princess, marriage of, 4; subsequent life of, 5
Hira, kingdom of, 4
Hira, Mount, 33
Hobal, idol in the Kaba, 23, 150
Hobba, daughter of Holail, married to Qussai, 12
Holail, Khozaite King, 12 Holy of Holies," 206, 207
Hossain, battle of, 64
Houris of Paradise, 180
"Hujra," sacred enclosure of the Mosque, 228, 232
Husain, son of All and 3rd Imam, 103, 111, 298; usurpation of the Khalifat by Yazid, 114; escapes to Mecca, 114; popularity of, 114; despatches Muslim to Kufa, 115; sets out from Mecca, 115; fickleness of the Kufians, 116; Opposed by Amr, 118-122; death on the battle-field, 122; his head set up in Kufa, 123; monuments to, 123; titles, 123; Kufians attempt to avenge his death, 128; shrine of at Karbala, 242, 311; miracle play (q.v.), 314-323
"IBADHIYA," doctrine of the, 297
Ibn al Muqaffa, attempts to imitate the Quran, 143
Ibn Hambal, founder of fourth sect of Sunnis, 280, 282-284
Ibn Maja, 271
Ibn Malik ,founder of second sect of Sunnis, 277-280
Ibrahim, son of Muhammad, 64
Idols, 148-151, 255,256; destruction of, at Mecca, 65
Idrisites, 300
Idu'l Akbar" (the great feast) 224
"Idu'l Azha" (feast of the forenoon) 224, 225
Idu'l Fatr, the "feast of breaking the fast," 196, 197
Idu'l Qurban" (feast of sacrifice) 224
"Ihram," or pilgrim's garb, 218
Imams, venerated by the Shias,292-296
Imam Riza, tomb of, 312 Imamat, elective doctrine concerning, 297
Imamites, the, 300
Infanticide, 256
Inheritances, 259
Ishmael, son of Hagar, 8; in the desert, 8; marriage of, 9; death of, 10; see also 151, 306
Ishmaelites, 2
Islam, meaning of, 157; see Muslim faith
Ismail, son of Jafaru's Sadiq, 133
Ismailians, '33, 138, 300
JABALA VI., last of the Ghassan ides, 8
Jafaru's Sadiq (6th Imam), 133, 134, 270
Jedda, 199, 242; Pasha of, 244; Journey by sea to, 245; passports required, 247; Indian Vice-Consul appointed, 248 Jerusalem, 168, 200, 201; Muhammad dreams of, 44; Saracens before, 83; Mosque of Omar, 84
Jesus Christ, 142, 145, 162, 195; supposition in connection with the Mahdi, 138; encounters Antichrist, 168; descent to earth, 168; at the resurrection, 173; miracle play, 322
Jews, 146, 177, 201; Muhammad's relations with, 48, 53; territory (Khaibar) attacked, 61; stigmatized in the Quran, 162; war with, a sign of the resurrection, 168; fast-day adopted, 196
Jinn, or Genii, 161
John the Baptist, disciples of, 147
Jorhom, people of, 9, 10, 11
Juwaira, 56; married to Muhammad, 57
Justinian, Emperor of Rome, 7
KABA, erection at Mecca, 10; charge of, 11, 13, 15, 18; the god Hobal, 23; Abyssinians attempt to destroy, 26; the child Muhammad near, 30; destruction by storm, 32; the ban of the Quraish, 40; becomes the Qibla" of Islam, 48; idols in, 150; demolition at the resurrection, 169; description of, 202-211; the Black Stone, 203-205; covering or "Kiswa" (q.v.), 205-210; interior of, 211; key of, 211; Doves of the Kaba," 213; quotation from Captain Burton, 217; the "Tawaf," 220; visitors to, 221
Kaissanites, 298
Kajars, 316
"Kajawa," or frame of wood, 209
Karbala, plain of, Husain meets Amr, 116-122; monument to Husain at, 123; tomb of Husain, 242, 311; earth of, 313; miracle play, 314
Karmathians, 199; removal of the "Black Stone" by, 205
Katura, people of, 9, 10
Kazim, see Musau'l Kazim
Kedarenes, 2
Keturahites, 2
Key of the Kaba, 211
Khadija, 30; married to Muhammad, 31; death of, 41
Khalid, Saracen commander, 63; replaces Abu Obaida in Syria, 73-75; addresses the troops, 77; slays Wardan, 77; repulses the Christians at Damascus, 78; loses his command, 80; rescues his comrades near Tripoli, 81
Khalid Ibn Walid, 149
Kharijites, 296, 297
Khorassan (Persian kingdom), invasion of, 92; appearance of Antichrist, 167
"Khutba," 223, 319
"Kiswa," or covering, 205, 206; history of 207-209; manufacture of, 209; procession of, 210; healing properties, 217
Kodhaite tribe, 11
Kufa, appeal of Ali to, 100, 101 ; citizens support Ali, 102; Ali establishes his seat of government at, 103; assassination of Ali, 107; burial of Ali at, 108; Hasan and Muawiya repair to,; fickleness of, 111,114, 115, 116; defeat of Husain, 118-122; head of Husain set up in, 123; attempt to avenge death of Husain, 128; falls into hands of Al Mukhtar, 130; Quran published at, 155; Abu Hanifa at, 271, 272
Kush, descendants of, 2
LABID Ibn Rabia, poet, 142
"Lailatu'l Qadr," 299
Lakhmite Dynasty, 6
Law, civil and criminal, 256-266
"Lif," a kind of grass, 228
Lot, descendants of, 2
"Low Church" system of jurisprudence, 278
Ludd, gate of, 168
MADINA, Hashim at, 20; A Muttalib at, 21; death of Abd'ullah at, 27; Muhammad goes to, 29; emigration of ill
treated converts to, 38; Muhammad preaches to pilgrims from, 42; becomes a Muslim centre, 43, 45; arrival of Muhammad at, 46, 47; Bani Nadir expelled, 55; besieged by Quraish, 57; death and burial of Muhammad at, 68; contention with Mecca, 70; council of, 83; supports Ali, 98, 99; Ayisha sent to, 103; settlement of Husan and Husain at, 111, 113; Resting place of Husain's head, 118; Ali Asghar at, 126; overpowered by Yazid, 127; burial of Ali Asghar at, 132; Quran published at, 155; the Jews' fast-day at, 196; pilgrimage to, 197; prophet's tomb at, 208; "Ziarat" or visit of pilgrims to the mosque, 228; mosque (q.v.) at, 222-232; religious observances of women, 233; vermin at, 233; secular authority of governor, 244; Aliide insurrection, 278; in the hands of Wahhabis, 286
Madites, ancestors of the "Quraish," 11
Maghrabi caravan, 243
Magians, 146, 177, 292
Mahdi, 137, 138, 169, 310,311
Mahmil, 210, 237-242
"Mahmudiya," sect of the "Shias," 299
Maimuna, married to Muhammad, 62
Malay pilgrims, 250
Malik, see Ibn Malik
Maqam Ibrahim, 210, 217, 220 Maqams," or buildings, 212
Maracci, Lewis, Latin translator of the Quran, 155
Marriage, 257-259
Marwa, hill of, 8, 151, 221
"Masjidu'1 Haram" (the Sacred Mosque) 201
Mecca, 8, 10, 11; Qussai at, 12-14; contest for the government of the Kaba, 13; growth of, 14; provision for pilgrims to 16, 18; Abdu1l Muttalib at, 21; wells of, 22; invasion by the Abyssinians, 25; Muhammad at, 29, 37, 40; storm in the valley, 32; pilgrims from Madina at, 43, 44; departure of Muhammad and converts, 45; the Hijra" or flight, 46; Muhammad's antipathy to, 49; refuses admittance to Muhammad, 59; Muhammad visits, 62; submits to Muhammad, 63; Muhammad Supreme in, 64; breaking down of idols at, 65; greater pilgrimage to, 66; contention with Madina, 70; flight of Said to, 90; avenging outcry in favour of Othman, 98; meeting of "Separatists," 106; Husain escapes to, 114; threatened by Yazid, 128; Gabriel descends into, 144; Quran published at, 155; guarded against Antichrist, 167; pilgrimage (q.v.) to, 197-251; in the hands of Wahhabis, 2~6; Persian pilgrims, 311; dust of, 313. "Mecca's Bride," 206
Medes and Persians, subjugation of, 93
Midianites, 2
"Mimbar," or pulpit of the mosque, 212
Mina, valley of, Muhammad meets the pilgrims, 43; origin of the name, 149; casting of pebbles by pilgrims, 224
Miracle Play, 314-323; "takyas," 314; chanting of priest, 315; the 'Ruzi-Qatl, 316; representative procession, 317; burning of Karbala, 318; the 'Khutba,' 319; fictitious European, 319; sacredness of the plays 320; variations of, 321; pay of actors, 322; the 'Ruza-Khan,' 322; appearance of divines, 323; comforts for the spectators, 323
Moabites, 2
Months, sacred, 265
Morier, Mr., miracle play witnessed by, 314-319
Morocco, caravan from, 243
Mosque, at Madina, Muhammad in, 64, 67; Ali receives homage in, 97; description of, 228; history, 229; ceremonies on visiting, 229-232; custody of, 232
Mosque of Omar, established at Jerusalem, 84
Muawiya, governor of Syria, 97; Amru allied to, 104; challenged by Ah, 104; attempted arbitration with Ali, 105; murderous attempt on, 107; refuses to acknowledge Hasan, 110; Hasan resigns Khalifat to, 110; rise of "separatists" against, 111; plans the assassination of Hasan, 112; death of, 114.
"Muazzin," or crier to prayer, 36, 190
"Muhadisin," or collectors of traditions, 268
Muhammad, birthplace, 1; condition of Arabia at the commencement of his career, 7, 8; origin and ancestry of his tribe, 8-28; pedigree traced to Adnan, 10; father of, 25; birth of, 27; nursed by Halima, 29; death of his mother 29; under care of Abu Talib, 29; goes to Syria, 30; marries Khadija, 31; children of, 31, 32; arbitrates in the replacement of the "Black Stone," 33; meditative habits, 33; retires to the desert, 34; receives the command to preach, 35; early converts, 36; contention with the Mecca citizens, 37; compromises with the Quraish, 38; his position undermined, 39; driven from Tafif, 41; seeks domestic solace, 42; preaches to pilgrims from Madina, 43; the "Hijra," or flight, 45, 46; settlement at Madina, 47, 48; antipathy to the people of Mecca, 49; attacks the Quraish, 50, 52; attacks the Jews, 52, 53; wounded in a battle against the Quraish, 54; wives of, 55, 56; Madina besieged, 57; destruction of the Quraiza, a Jewish tribe, 58; Mecca refuses him admittance, 59; letters to various potentates, 60; attacks the Jewish territory, 61; attempt to poison, 62; visits Mecca, 62; supreme in Mecca, 63; at Madina, 64; death of his son Ibrahim, 64; rumoured Roman invasion, 65; breaks down the idols at Mecca, 65; performs the greater pilgrimage, 66; addresses the people, 66; the romance of Islam, 67; last visit to the mosque, 67; death of, 68; composition of the Quran, 142, 143; disclaims power of working miracles, 144; the "night journey," 144; carried to the skies, 145; design of the Quran 146; the Quran revealed by Gabriel, 153; the Apostle of God, 157; sent for the conversion of genii as well as men, 161; Quran delivered to, 162; the messenger of God, 163; intercessor at the resurrection, 172; adopts the Jewish fast-day, 196; the entry to the Kaba, 221; belief of the Shias concerning, 292-296; last appearance in the mosque at Mecca, 295; represented in the miracle play, 323
Muhammad ibn Abdu'l Wahhab, 284
Muhammad Abu Zainu'l Abidin, 5th Imam, 132
Muhammad Taqi, 9th Imam, 135, 136
Muir, Sir William, quotations from, peopling of Arabia, 2, 3; Adi's embassy, 4; the fate of Noman V., 5; decadence of the Ghassanides, 8; progenitors of Muhammad, l0; Muhammad as a child, 30; meditative habits of Muhammad, 33; emigration of ill-treated converts, 38; Muhammad's dreams, 43; Muhammad's entry into Madina, 47; the mosque, 64; early religious rites at Mecca, 200; pilgrimage, 218
"Mulla," 210
Murder, 261
Musau'l Kazim, 7th Imam, 134; mausoleum of, 312
Music, in Paradise, 184
Muslims, favoured at the Day of Judgment, 173
Muslim Ibn Hajjaj, 269
Muta, battle of, 63
"Muwatta," or "beaten path," 279
Muzdalifa. stones from, 224, 226
"Muzzavir," or cicerone, 230
Mysore, 299
"Myzab," or spout, 212
NABATHIANS, 2
Nadhr, birth of, 10
Nadir Shah, King of Persia, mausoleum erected by, 135; supplants Shia faith by Sunni faith in Persia, 304
Nahorites, 2
Najaf, tomb of Ali at, 242, 311
Naqila, plain of, 128
Naufal, brother to Hashim, 22
"Night Journey," tradition concerning Muhammad, 144
Nihilists," a religious body, 143 Noman V., "Prince of Hira," 4-6
"Nuqta-wiya," Shia sect, named after "Nuqta-i-Khak," an atom of earth, 299
OBAIDU'LLAH, governor of Bussora, 116; sends a messenger to Husain, 117; Ali Asghar led captive to, 124; defeats Kufians, 128
Ohod, plain of 53, 54
Omaiya, nephew to Hashim, 19, 20
Omar, adherent to Muhammad, 39; visits Muhammad's death-bed, 69; refuses the offer of succession, 70; succeeds Abu Bakr, 79; Persia conquered, 80; Syria conquered, 82; sets out for Jerusalem, 83; mosque of, 84; fall of Aleppo. 85; further sub-missions, 86; capture of Alexandria and destruction of the Royal Library, 87; assassination of. 89; opinion concerning alms-giving, 192; rejected as usurper by the Shias, 293, 320; Persian aversion to, 307
Ommaiya, race of, usurpers of the Khalifat, 114; persecution of, 130; fall of, 303
Omm Salma, married to Muhammad, 55
Osborn, quotation from, 305
Othman, early conversion of, 36; succeeds to the Khalifat, 90; capture of Tripoli, 91; destruction of Alexandria, 92; subjugation of Cyprus, 92; of the Medes and Persians, 93; his unpopularity, 93; outbreak against, 94; betrayed and assassinated, 95; orders supervision of copies of the Quran, 155; rejected by the Shias, 293; claim of the Kharijites, 296
PAGANINUS, edition of the Quran by, 155
Paradise, belief concerning, 179-185; tree of happiness, 179; rivers and fountains, 180; girls, 180; abodes of the blessed, 180; entry of the blessed, 181; entertainment of the blessed, 182; garments and furniture, 183; conditions of life, 183; children, 166, 183; music, 184; spiritual delights, 184; women, 184
Passports, 247
Peleg, descendants of, 2
Persia, King of, 19, 60: Saracens in, 80; oppression of, 303; Shia schism, 304; quotation from Osborn, 305
Petra, 3
Pilgrimage to Mecca, 197-251 female devotees, 198; Khalif pilgrims, 199; impiety of neglect, 199; origin of pilgrimage 201; the temple (q.v.), 201-217; time and manner of pilgrimage 217, 218; "Ihram." or pilgrims garb, 218; ordinances, 219 ceremonial observances on arrival, 220; the "As Sai," 221; Mount Arafat, 222; the "Khutha," 223; day of sacrifice, 224; the pillars at Mina, 225; "Idu'l Azha," 225; days of rest, 226; Sojourn at Mecca, 227; rents in Mecca, 227; mementos 228; Syrian caravan, 234 pilgrims and pilgrimage, 234, 237; Egyptian caravan, 237 the "Mahmil," 237-241; Persian caravan, 242; Maghrabi caravan, 243; Yaman caravan, 243; poor pilgrims and "Takruris," 243; election of Grand Sharif, 244; sale of goods by pilgrims, 245; sea-travelling pilgrims, 245; resolution of the Government of India, 246-250; tabular statements, 251
"Pilu," a tree, 228
Polygamy, 48, 257
Pond, celestial, 178
Pope, destroys copies of the Quran, 155
Prayer, 187-191
Predestination, 185-187
Prohibitions, 251-256
Prophets, 162, 163
Protector of pilgrims (at Bombay), 247, 249
"QABR-I-PAIGHAMBAR," tomb of the prophet, 317
Qadisiya, battle of, 292
Qaf, mountains of, 161
Qaid Bey, King of Egypt, mosque at Madina rebuilt by, 229
Qaula, sister of Dirar, 75
"Qazi," or magistrate, 199, 272, 273
"Qibla," or holy spot faced by the prostrate worshipper, 48, 147, 191
"Quraish," derivation of the term, 10, 11; settlement at Mecca, 14; foreign relations, 19; pretensions to treasures, 23; Muhammad compromises with, 38; persecution of converts by, 40, 44; their caravans harassed, 49-51; defeated at Badr, 52; victory over the Muslims, 54; besiege Madina, 57; their leader converted, 63; dialect used in the Quran, 142; rebuilding of the temple at Mecca by, 215
Quraiza, a Jewish tribe, 58
Quran, the, 139-266; divisions of, 139, 140; language of, 142; attempts to imitate, 71, 143; general design of, 146; doctrine of, 152; divine origin of, 153; revealed by Gabriel, 153; transcript by Abu Bakr, 79, 154; corrupt transcription by Said, 90; supervision of copies by Othman, 155; first printed edition, 155; subsequent editions and translations, 155, 156; disputation as to origin, 156; read in seven dialects, 156; doctrines and precepts of, 157; belief in God, 157; angels, 158; other divine beings, 159; the devil, 159; legend of Harut and Marut, 160; Jinn or genii, 161; scriptures, 162; prophets, 162; resurrection, 164; belief concerning children, 166, 183; animals, 175, 176; women, 184; signs of the resurrection, 166-170; day of judgment, 170-175; Paradise and Hell, 176; belief concerning Hell, 177; Al Arf, or wall between Paradise and Hell, 178; Paradise, 179-185; predestination, 185-187; prayer, 187-191; circumcision, 189; alms, 191-194; fasting, 194-197; pilgrimage to Mecca, 197-251; prohibitions, 251-256; civil and criminal law, 256-266
'Qurban Bayram" (the sacrifice of Bayram), 224
Qussai (name given to Zayd), progenitor of Muhammad, history of, 11, 12; supremacy in Mecca, 13; death of, 16; builder of the 7th Temple of Mecca, 215
RAMAZAN, fast of, 193, 194
"Ramy" (throwing of pebbles), 225
Rent in Mecca, 227
Resurrection, 164-185
Reza, Imam, tomb of, 242
Rhe, city of, besieged by Mongols 282
"Ribats," or free houses, 227
Rihana, of the Quraiza tribe, 58
Rivers, celestial, 180
Riza, 12
Romans intimate relations with the Ghassanides, 7; treaty with the Quraish, 19; defeat by Saracens 76, 77
Romanus, Syrian governor, 73
Ruza-Khan," or reciter 322
‘Ruz-I-Qatl,' or 'Day of Slaughter,' 316
SABIANS, 3, 146, 162, 177
Sacrifice, day of, 224
Sadaqat, or voluntary alms, 192
Safa, mount, 8, 151; pilgrims ascent of, 221
Saffain, battle of, 104, 297
Sahih Bukhari, collection of traditions, 268
"Sahih-i-Muslim," collection of traditions, 269
Said corrupts the text of the Quran, 90
Said ibn Khalid leads an army against the Syrians, 72
Saiyyid Muhammad, veneration of, 299
Saladin, 301
Sale, G., translator of the Quran 156
Salma, wife of Hashim, 20
Salsabil," celestial fountain, 180
Samana, 136, 137
Sana, cathedral of, 25
Saracens, or Muslim warriors, 73 besiege Damascus. 74 75; peaceful offers to, 76; defeat the Romans, 77; reduce Damascus, 78; defeat the Persians, 80; attack penitents near Tripoli, So; defeat Christians and become masters of Syria, 82; before Jerusalem, 83; fall of Aleppo, 84; further submissions to, 86; in Egypt9 86; before Tripoli, 90; victory over Gregory, 91 ; destruction of Alexandria1 92; subjugation of Cyprus and invasion of Khorassan, 92
Sauda, a widow, married to Muhammad, 42
Scriptures, 162
Sempronius, 83
Separatists" (from Ali), 106, 307; rise against Muawiya, 111
"Shabia Sazi," 321
Shabib, an assassin ator of Ali, 107
Shaflism, see Ash Shafii
Shah Abbas, King of Persia, 299
Shah of Persia, religious position of, 310
Shaikhs of Mecca, 211
"Shaikhu'l Haram,"or"Governor of the Holy Sanctuary," 244
Shebau'l Hamd, see Abdu'l Muttalib
Shias, 289-323; fanaticism at Mecca, 243; supplant the Zoroastrians, 289; veneration for Ali and the twelve Imams, 292-296; the Kharijites, 296; the Kaissanites 298; the Zaidites, 298; the Ghair-i-Mahdi, 299; the Mahmudiya, 299; smaller sects, 300; Sufis, 301; the Shias assist the Buides, 303; schism in Persia, 304; fundamental texts of Shia sects, 307; rejection of the "Sunna," 308; rejection of the Imams of the Sunni faith, 308; no temporal or spiritual bead, 310; pilgrimages to hallowed spots, 311, 312; belief concerning God, 313; distinctions between Shias and Sunnis, 313; the miracle play (q.v.), 314-323; "Tazia," 319, 320
Shimar, 116; shoots the first arrow on the field of Karbala, 119; sets fire to Husain's family tent, 120; death of, 129
Signs of the resurrection, 166, 167 "Sihah Sitta,"or six correct books, 268
Sijjin, a dungeon, 165
Sirat, bridge Over Hell, 177
Solomon, temple of, at Jerusalem, replaced by mosque of Omar, 84
St. Petersburgh, edition of Quran at, 155
Sufis, 301
Sultan of Turkey, "Kiswa" sent to, 208; the "Mahmil" ceremony, 240; Grand Sharif of Mecca appointed by, 244
"Sunan-i-Abu Daud," collection of traditions, 270
"Sunan-i-Ibn-Maja," collection of traditions, 271
"Sunan-i-Nasai," collection of traditions, 270
"Sunna," 267, 308
Sunnis, 243, 267-288; creed, 267; collectors of traditions, 268-271; divisions of, 271; Abu Hanifa, 271-277; Ibn Malik, 271-280; Ash Shafii, 280, 282; Ibn Hambal, 282-284; assist the Turks, 303; distinction between Shias and, 313
Syria, Saracens (q.v.) in, 72-82; rises against Ali, 97, 98; alliance with Amru, 104; contest with Ali, 104, 105; publication of the Quran in, 155; appearance of Antichrist, 167
Syrian caravan, 232, 234
TABARI, native historian, 200
"Takruris," or Negroes, 243
"Takyas," or tents, 314
"Talbiya," 220
Taiha, leader of revolt against Ali, 97; goes to Bussora, 98; death of, 102
Tarchan, the Turk, 92
"Tarwiya," or carrying water, 222
Tasnim, celestial fountain, 180, 182
"Tawaf," or procession, 218, 220
Tay, tribe of, 6
Tayif, Muhammad driven from, 41; resists Muslim army, 64; idol destroyed, 149
"Tazia," commemorative of Omar, 320
Temple of Mecca, destroyed by a storm, 32; poem fixed up on gate of, 143; pilgrimage to, 197-251 (see pilgrimage); plundered by the Karmathians, 199; description of, 201-216, see also 'Kaba'; oval enclosure to, 211; holy spots, 212; "Zamzam," 212; "Doves of the Kaba," 213; purification of, 213; antiquity of, 214; successive buildings, 215; present building, 216
Temples, ancient Indian and Arabian, 148
Thalaba, King of the Ghassanides, 7
Thaur, mountain of, Muhammad takes refuge in a cave, 45
Thomas, Christian defender of Damascus, 77; death of, 78
Tiberius, Emperor, 4
Tombs, of Muhammad and his successors, 228; of Ali and his sons, 242, 311
Traditions, collections of, 268
Translations of the Quran, 155
Tripoli, 80; surrenders to Saracens, 85; capture of, 90, 91
Tuba, celestial tree, 179, 183
Turks, war with, a sign of the resurrection, 167; devote money to the "Kiswa," 208; require passports at Jedda, 246; expel Wahhabis from Mecca, 286
Tus, Ali Riza buried at, 135
Tyre, surrenders to Saracens, 85
UMM HABIBA, daughter to Abu Sufiyan and married to Muhammad, 62
Umm Hani, daughter to Abu Talib, 44
Umra, or lesser pilgrimage, 217, 218
Usury, 255
Muhammad - His Life and Doctrines with Accounts of his Immediate Successors
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