Verse: "And when the sacred months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush." (Quran 9:5)

Analysis: Known as Ayat as-Sayf, this Medina verse is classically interpreted by scholars (like Ibn Kathir and Al-Qurtubi) as abrogating over 100 earlier verses of peace and tolerance. It gives a blanket command to attack pagans generally, unless they repent and accept Islam.

Verse: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled." (Quran 9:29)

Analysis: This establishes the permanent state of war against Jews and Christians until they submit to Islamic political hegemony and pay a humiliation tax. Hadith Support: Sahih Muslim 29 "I have been commanded to fight against people so long as they do not declare that there is no god but Allah..."

Verse: "...I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieved, so strike [them] upon the necks and strike from them every fingertip." (Quran 8:12)

Context: Revealed alongside the Battle of Badr. It is a direct instruction on decapitation and mutilation.

Verse: "So when you meet those who disbelieve [in battle], strike [their] necks until, when you have inflicted slaughter upon them, then secure their bonds..." (Quran 47:4)

Verse: "Indeed, the penalty for those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land..." (Quran 5:33)

Hadith Context: Sahih Bukhari 6802 narrates that the Prophet ordered the hands and feet of men from the tribe of Urayna to be cut off and their eyes branded with heated pieces of iron for killing a shepherd.

Verse: "...But those [wives] from whom you fear arrogance - [first] advise them; [then if they persist], forsake them in bed; and [finally], strike them." (Quran 4:34)

Hadith Context: Sahih Muslim 1468: "Fear Allah concerning women... if they commit open indecency, then hit them, but without causing injury or accumulation of pain." (Though interpretations vary on intensity, the permission to strike is explicit).

Verse: "Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; and those with him are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves..." (Quran 48:29)

Verse: "And kill them wherever you overtake them and expel them from wherever they have expelled you, and fitnah is worse than killing..." (Quran 2:191)

Verse: "[As for] the thief, the male and the female, amputate their hands in recompense for what they committed as a deterrent [punishment] from Allah." (Quran 5:38)

Hadith Support: Sahih Bukhari 6789 confirms the Prophet cut off the hand of a thief for stealing a shield.

Verse: "The woman or man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of Allah..." (Quran 24:2)

Hadith Context: While Quran 24:2 prescribes lashing, Sahih Bukhari 6829 confirms Stoning to Death (Rajm) for married adulterers based on a "lost" verse of the Quran recited by Umar bin Al-Khattab.

Verse: "...I am reinforcing you with a thousand from the angels, following one another." (Quran 8:9)

Hadith Context: Sahih Bukhari 3995 describes angels actively killing polytheists at Badr.

Verse: "And He brought down those who supported them among the People of the Scripture from their fortresses and cast terror into their hearts [so that] a party you killed, and you took captive a party..." (Quran 33:26-27)

Hadith Context: Sahih Bukhari 4121 details the execution of the men of Banu Qurayza and the distribution of their women and children as slaves.

Verse: "It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allah's enemies] in the land..." (Quran 8:67)

Verse: "If the hypocrites... do not desist, We will surely incite you against them... Accursed... Accursed, wherever they are found, they shall be seized and killed with a (terrible) slaughter." (Quran 33:60-61)

Verse: "...But those who [willingly] open their breasts to disbelief, upon them is wrath from Allah, and for them is a great punishment." (Quran 16:106)

Verse: "...But if they turn away, then seize them and kill them wherever you find them and take not from among them any ally or helper." (Quran 4:89)

Hadith Support: Sahih Bukhari 6922: "Whoever changed his Islamic religion, then kill him."

Verse: Quran 9:107 refers to "those who took for themselves a mosque for causing harm".

Context: Referring to the destruction of the Masjid al-Dirar ordered by the Prophet, termed a "mosque of harm".

Verse: "Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah, and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of Taghut. So fight against the allies of Satan..." (Quran 4:76)

Verse: "O Prophet, urge the believers to battle. If there are among you twenty [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred..." (Quran 8:65)

Verse: "We will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve for what they have associated with Allah..." (Quran 3:151)

Verse: "Let not believers take disbelievers as allies rather than believers. And whoever [of you] does that has nothing with Allah..." (Quran 3:28)

Verse: "O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another..." (Quran 5:51)

Verse: "Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allah are those who have disbelieved, and they will not believe." (Quran 8:55)

Verse: "Those whom Allah has cursed and with whom He became angry and made of them apes and pigs and slaves of Taghut." (Quran 5:60)

Verse: "And prepare against them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war by which you may terrify the enemy of Allah and your enemy..." (Quran 8:60)

Verse: "Fight them until there is no [more] fitnah and [until] worship is [acknowledged to be] for Allah." (Quran 2:193)

Verse: "...and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush." (Quran 9:5)

Verse: "And if they break their oaths after their treaty... then fight the leaders of disbelief..." (Quran 9:12)

Verse: "O you who have believed, do not take your fathers or your brothers as allies if they have preferred disbelief over belief..." (Quran 9:23)

Verse: "O you who have believed, fight those adjacent to you of the disbelievers and let them find in you harshness..." (Quran 9:123)

Verse: "Indeed, Allah loves those who fight in His cause in a row as though they were a [single] structure joined firmly." (Quran 61:4)

Verse: "Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged." (Quran 22:39)

Verse: "They ask you about the sacred month - about fighting therein. Say, 'Fighting therein is great [sin], but... fitnah is greater than killing.'" (Quran 2:217)

Verse: "So do not obey the disbelievers, and strive against them with the Qur'an a great striving." (Quran 25:52)

Verse: "And fight them until there is no fitnah and [until] the religion, all of it, is for Allah." (Quran 8:39)