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and, 'grieve 1 not the Holy Spirit of God, in whom ye were sealed unto the day of redemption.' In the former of the two David prays for salvation from sin and deliverance through the power of God's Holy Spirit, and in the latter the Apostle warns Christians not to grieve God's Holy Spirit, whose seal had marked them as heirs of salvation. Both from the sanctifying power which He exercises according to both passages, and from the fact that the terms 'the Holy Spirit' and 'the Spirit of God' are used concisely in place of the full expression, 'the Holy Spirit of God', it is clear that what we have said above is correct, and that both titles denote one and the same Divine Being.

From the verses which we have quoted above 2 in proof of the truth of the doctrine of the Trinity in Unity it is evident that the titles Father, Son and Holy Spirit, are not three different appellations of the divine unity, but that they denote a certain ineffable distinction between these three Most Holy Hypostases, each of whom in conjunction with the other two possesses Deity and all the divine attributes. This is not the same thing as saying that each of the three divine Hypostases apart and by Himself is God. On the contrary, the Son and the Holy Spirit are God only by virtue of the eternal divine Oneness, in which the Father, the Son and


1 Eph. iv. 30.
2 Pages 119-21; Matt. xxviii. 18-19; John xv. 26; 2 Cor. xiii. 14.
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the Holy Spirit are one and only one God. Therefore the Lord Jesus Christ never and nowhere said that He, apart from the Father, was God; nay, rather, always and everywhere He taught His own Deity as resulting from His oneness with the Father. Thus in the Gospel He says: ' I 1 and the Father are one'; 'Believe 3 me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me.' 'All things that are mine are thine, and thine are mine.' 'Verily,4 verily, I say unto you, The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he seeth the Father doing: for what things soever he doeth, these the Son also doeth in like manner.' In the same way the Lord Jesus Christ speaks of the Holy Spirit as being one in will and teaching with His Father and Himself, for He says: 'When 5 he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he shall guide you into all the truth: for he shall not speak from himself; but what things soever he shall hear, these shall he speak: and he shall declare unto you the things that are to come. He shall glorify me: for he shall take of mine, and shall declare it unto you. All things whatsoever the Father hath are mine: therefore said I, that he taketh of mine, and shall declare it unto you.' 6


1 John x. 30. 2 John xiv. 11. 3 John xvii, 10.
4 John v. 19. 5 John xvi. 13-15.
6 For a confutation of the erroneous explanation of these verses current among Muslims, see the revised Mizanu'l-Haqq, pt. iii, ch. ii, pp. 246-9.